Glasgow Subway was built in 1896 with limited technology.

It opened on December 14, 1896, making it the third-oldest underground metro system after the London Underground and the Budapest Metro.

The entire network consists of a single circular line that is just about 10.5 kilometers (6.5 miles) long, with 15 stations.

It operates in a double track, meaning trains run in both directions around the circular route.

Glasgow sits on a geological foundation of hard rock, this makes tunneling expensive and very challenging, to this day. The Glasgow Subway was built way back in 1896, and with no modern tunnelling technology, it was tunnelled and built, this makes it even big of a achievement and a place people would want to visit.

The Subway underwent a major upgrade with the introduction of new trains back in 2024. The railway service improved passenger comfort and reliability with the introduction of new rolling stock.

The small size of the Glasgow Subway and its distinctive loop structure make it quite unique compared to other larger metro systems around the world.

The Glasgow Subway operates in a continuous loop that takes about 30 minutes to complete a full circuit in either direction.

The loop structure means that there are no branches or alternative routes—trains simply travel around the circle.

There is one track Each Direction, with two tracks in the system, one track for trains traveling clockwise (referred to as the "Outer Circle") and another for trains traveling counterclockwise (referred to as the "Inner Circle").

This allows for simultaneous travel in both directions around the loop.

The height of the trains are also relatively small, reflecting the size of the tunnels. The trains have a height of about 2.65 meters (8 feet 8 inches), according to a report. A 6.3 feet person has to bend a little in order to get in train.

The Glasgow Subway uses a narrow gauge (tracks) of 4 feet (1,219 mm), which is smaller than the standard gauge used in most modern railways.

It was cheaper to just build one round circuit, and with the smaller trains and tracks the cost effectiveness of the station in the 1890s is also commendable thing and a thing to take notice, when learning about the station and its build.

There are some other theories, as to why the Glasgow Subway is so tiny, and these are some of the potential main reason behind the smaller Subway as compared to the modern bigger Subway systems.

The narrow gauge tracks, smaller carriages (trains), and a single circular route—contributes to the Glasgow Subway's small size and its distinctive characteristics.

There has been many proposed extensions plan to the Subway, but nothing has ever went ahead.

This Largely due to cost and requirement of any such extension as with the public transport options from overground rail to trams and buses the extension never made financial sense for the subway network.

Though the modernization of the Subway has been done.

This design reflects the limited scope of the subway and its focus on serving the inner areas of Glasgow.

Small City Population: Glasgow, while being the largest city in Scotland, has a population of about 600,000 people within the city proper. While this is substantial, it's not large enough to justify a more extensive or complex subway system.

The size of the population, combined with the existing bus and rail networks, means that the current loop serves the city's needs without requiring expansion into a more intricate network.

The "2nd generation" trains were introduced in 1980 as part of a major upgrade to the Glasgow Subway.

These trains served the system for 44 years, becoming iconic in their own right due to their distinctive orange livery and compact design suited to the subway's small tunnels.

On 28 June 2024 the 2nd generation trains were officially retired, after 44 years of service.

This made way for the 3rd generation trains, which are designed with more modern features, including improved accessibility, updated interiors, and the potential for driverless operation in the future.

The retirement of the 2nd generation trains marked the end of an era for the Glasgow Subway.